Sangahyando: Difference between revisions

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(added information from letter no. 347 about his name, added details and references about his history, his name was not misprinted in the first edition of The Lord of the Rings it was also Sangahyanda in the manuscripts of The Lord of the Rings)
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'''Sangahyando''' was a great-grandson of [[Castamir]], who had usurped the throne of [[Gondor]]. After the rightful King, [[Eldacar (King of Gondor)|Eldacar]], had regained his realm, Castamir's sons fled to the [[Umbar]], where they formed a refuge and base for the enemies of Gondor. Sangahyando was one of their descendants, and with another, [[Angamaitë]], he led a raid on [[Pelargir]] nearly two hundred years after their grandfathers had been driven from that city into exile. Their raid was a stunning success, and they succeeded in slaying Gondor's King at that time, [[Minardil]].<ref>{{PM|Elendil}}, Minardil, p. 199</ref>
'''Sangahyando''' was one of the great-grandsons of [[Castamir]] the Ursurper.<ref name=Telemnar>{{App|Gondor}}, entry for king Telemnar</ref> He and Angamaitë, another great-grandson of Castamir, were leaders of the [[Corsairs of Umbar]].<ref name=ElendilC>{{PM|Elendil}}, manuscript C, The Heirs of Elendil, The Southern Line of Gondor: the Anarioni, 25. Minardil, p. 199</ref> The name Sangahyando was possibly not his birth name, but a personal warrior name (or nickname). There was no need to assert his royal descent with this name, because his royal descent was clear.<ref name=L347>{{L|347}}</ref>
 
Angamaitë and Sangayando learned through spies that [[Minardil]], the [[King of Gondor]], was in the [[Gondor]]ian port of [[Pelargir]] and that he suspected no peril since his father had crushed Harad and Umbar.<ref name=ElendilC/> In {{TA|1634}}<ref name=TA1634>{{App|TA}}, entry for the year 1634</ref><ref name=T4>{{PM|Third}}, manuscript T4, entry for the year 1634</ref> the Corsairs of Umbar, led by Angamaitë and Sangayando, made a raid up the river [[Anduin]], killed king Minardil in Pelargir<ref name=Telemnar/>, ravaged Pelargir<ref name=TA1634/><ref name=T4/> and the coasts and escaped with great booty.<ref name=ElendilC/>


== Etymology ==
== Etymology ==
The [[Quenya]] name ''Sangahyando'' literally means "Throng-cleaver" (said to be interpretable as "hewer of hostile ranks"). The first element in the name is ''sanga'' ("throng").<ref name=PE17>{{PE|17}}, p. 116</ref>
The [[Quenya]] name ''Sangahyando'' literally means "Throng-cleaver"<ref name=L347/> (said to be interpretable as "hewer of hostile ranks"). The first element in the name is ''sanga'' ("throng") and the second element is ''hyando'' ("cleaver").<ref name=PE17>{{PE|17}}, p. 116</ref>


In the first edition of ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', the name was misprinted as ''Sangahyanda''.<ref name=PE17/>
In the manuscripts and in the first edition of ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' his name was ''Sangahyanda''.<ref name=T4/><ref name=ElendilC/> His name was changed to ''Sangahyando'' in the second edition of The Lord of the Rings.<ref>{{PM|Elendil}}, Commentary relating to the entry for king Minardil in manuscript B, p. 215</ref><ref name=PE17/>


== Genealogy ==
== Genealogy ==

Revision as of 17:10, 28 October 2021

Sangahyando
Gondorian
Biographical Information
LocationUmbar
AffiliationCorsairs of Umbar
Family
HouseHouse of Anárion
Parentageunknown; great-grandson of Castamir
Physical Description
GenderMale

Sangahyando was one of the great-grandsons of Castamir the Ursurper.[1] He and Angamaitë, another great-grandson of Castamir, were leaders of the Corsairs of Umbar.[2] The name Sangahyando was possibly not his birth name, but a personal warrior name (or nickname). There was no need to assert his royal descent with this name, because his royal descent was clear.[3]

Angamaitë and Sangayando learned through spies that Minardil, the King of Gondor, was in the Gondorian port of Pelargir and that he suspected no peril since his father had crushed Harad and Umbar.[2] In T.A. 1634[4][5] the Corsairs of Umbar, led by Angamaitë and Sangayando, made a raid up the river Anduin, killed king Minardil in Pelargir[1], ravaged Pelargir[4][5] and the coasts and escaped with great booty.[2]

Etymology

The Quenya name Sangahyando literally means "Throng-cleaver"[3] (said to be interpretable as "hewer of hostile ranks"). The first element in the name is sanga ("throng") and the second element is hyando ("cleaver").[6]

In the manuscripts and in the first edition of The Lord of the Rings his name was Sangahyanda.[5][2] His name was changed to Sangahyando in the second edition of The Lord of the Rings.[7][6]

Genealogy

 
 
Calimehtar
unknown
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Castamir
1259 - 1447
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
sons
unknown
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Angamaitë
fl. 1634
 
SANGAHYANDO
fl. 1634


Other versions of the legendarium

In the Etymologies, Qenya sangahyando ("throng-cleaver") is said to be the name of a sword.[8][9]

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 J.R.R. Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings, Appendix A, "The Númenorean Kings", "Gondor and the Heirs of Anárion", entry for king Telemnar
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Peoples of Middle-earth, "VII. The Heirs of Elendil", manuscript C, The Heirs of Elendil, The Southern Line of Gondor: the Anarioni, 25. Minardil, p. 199
  3. 3.0 3.1 J.R.R. Tolkien; Humphrey Carpenter, Christopher Tolkien (eds.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, Letter 347, (dated 17 December 1972)
  4. 4.0 4.1 J.R.R. Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings, Appendix B, "The Third Age", entry for the year 1634
  5. 5.0 5.1 5.2 J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Peoples of Middle-earth, "VIII. The Tale of Years of the Third Age", manuscript T4, entry for the year 1634
  6. 6.0 6.1 J.R.R. Tolkien, "Words, Phrases and Passages in Various Tongues in The Lord of the Rings", in Parma Eldalamberon XVII (edited by Christopher Gilson), p. 116
  7. J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Peoples of Middle-earth, "VII. The Heirs of Elendil", Commentary relating to the entry for king Minardil in manuscript B, p. 215
  8. J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Lost Road and Other Writings, Part Three: "The Etymologies", pp. 388-9 (entries for STAG- and SYAD-)
  9. J.R.R. Tolkien, "Addenda and Corrigenda to the Etymologies — Part Two" (edited by Carl F. Hostetter and Patrick H. Wynne), in Vinyar Tengwar, Number 46, July 2004, p. 16