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'''na''' is the [[Quenya]] verb for "to be"<ref> | '''na''' is the [[Quenya]] verb for "to be"<ref>{{RGEO|Namarie}}, line 15</ref>. | ||
Also, ''ná'' means "yes, it is so"<ref>{{VT| | Also, ''ná'' means "yes, it is so"<ref>{{VT|49a}}, p. 28</ref> | ||
==Etymology== | ==Etymology== | ||
[[Sundocarmë|Root]] [[NA2]]<Ref>{{ | [[Sundocarmë|Root]] [[NA2]]<Ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}</ref> | ||
==Forms== | ==Forms== | ||
Various attested forms of "to be"<ref>{{VT| | <!-- the following contains only attested forms of the verb; it's not for reconstructions or 'lessons' --> | ||
Various attested forms of "to be"<ref>{{VT|42a}}</ref><ref>{{VT|49a}}</ref> | |||
*''ná'' "is" | *''ná'' "is" | ||
**''nánye/nanye'' | **''nánye/nanye'' "I am" | ||
**''nalye'' "you are" (polite) | **''nalye'' "you are" (polite) | ||
**''natye'' | **''natye'' "you are" (familiar) | ||
**''nás | **''nás "it is" | ||
**''náse'' | **''náse'' "(s)he is" | ||
**''nalme'' | **''nalme'' "we are" | ||
**''nát'' "they (dual) are" | **''nát'' "they (dual) are" | ||
**''nar/nár'' "they are" | **''nar/nár'' "they are" | ||
*''náne/né'' "was" | *''náne/né'' "was" | ||
**''anen'' | **''anen'' "I was" | ||
**''anel'' | **''anel'' "you were" | ||
**''nése'' "he was" | **''nése'' "he was" | ||
**''anes'' | **''anes'' "(s)he/it was" | ||
**''nét'' "they (dual) were" | **''nét'' "they (dual) were" | ||
**''náner/nér'' "they were" | **''náner/nér'' "they were" | ||
*''uva/nauva'' "will be" | *''uva/nauva'' "will be" | ||
**''nauvan'' "I will be | **''nauvan'' "I will be" | ||
*''anaie'' "has been" | *''anaie'' "has been" | ||
*''náve'' "being" (infinitive/gerund)<Ref>{{PE|17}}</ref> | *''náve'' "being" (infinitive/gerund)<Ref>{{PE|17}}</ref> | ||
*''na'' "let it be" | *''na'' "let it be" (imperative) | ||
**''[[nai]]'' "be it that" | **''[[nai]]'' "be it that" | ||
==Syntax== | ==Syntax== | ||
''Na'' is following the sentece. When used in imperative, it precedes the adjective.<ref>{{VT| | ''Na'' is following the sentece. When used in imperative, it precedes the adjective.<ref>{{VT|43a}}, p.14</ref> | ||
*''na aire'' "be holy" | *''na aire'' "be holy" | ||
*''aire na'' "it is holy" | *''aire na'' "it is holy" | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
*''[[nai]]'' "may it be that..." | |||
*''[[mana]]'' "what is" | *''[[mana]]'' "what is" | ||
*''[[násie]]'' "amen" | *''[[násie]]'' "amen" | ||
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==External links== | ==External links== | ||
*[http://www.phy.duke.edu/~trenk/elvish/to_be.html Elvish verb "to be"] | *[http://www.phy.duke.edu/~trenk/elvish/to_be.html Elvish verb "to be"] | ||
[[ | {{title|lowercase}} | ||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Na}} | |||
[[Category:Quenya verbs]] | |||
Revision as of 21:23, 14 May 2015
na is the Quenya verb for "to be"[1].
Also, ná means "yes, it is so"[2]
Etymology
Forms
Various attested forms of "to be"[4][5]
- ná "is"
- nánye/nanye "I am"
- nalye "you are" (polite)
- natye "you are" (familiar)
- nás "it is"
- náse "(s)he is"
- nalme "we are"
- nát "they (dual) are"
- nar/nár "they are"
- náne/né "was"
- anen "I was"
- anel "you were"
- nése "he was"
- anes "(s)he/it was"
- nét "they (dual) were"
- náner/nér "they were"
- uva/nauva "will be"
- nauvan "I will be"
- anaie "has been"
Syntax
Na is following the sentece. When used in imperative, it precedes the adjective.[7]
- na aire "be holy"
- aire na "it is holy"
See also
References
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Donald Swann, The Road Goes Ever On, "Namárië (Farewell)", line 15
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, "Eldarin Hands, Fingers & Numerals and Related Writings — Part Three" (edited by Patrick H. Wynne), in Vinyar Tengwar, Number 49, June 2007, p. 28
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Lost Road and Other Writings, Part Three: "The Etymologies"
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, "The Rivers and Beacon-hills of Gondor" (edited by Carl F. Hostetter), in Vinyar Tengwar, Number 42, July 2001
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, "Eldarin Hands, Fingers & Numerals and Related Writings — Part Three" (edited by Patrick H. Wynne), in Vinyar Tengwar, Number 49, June 2007
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, "Words, Phrases and Passages in Various Tongues in The Lord of the Rings", in Parma Eldalamberon XVII (edited by Christopher Gilson)
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, "'Words of Joy': Five Catholic Prayers in Quenya — Part One" (edited by Patrick H. Wynne, Arden R. Smith, and Carl F. Hostetter), in Vinyar Tengwar, Number 43, January 2002, p.14
