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[[Image:Ted Nasmith - The First Dawn of the Sun.jpg|thumb|''The First Dawn of the Sun'' by [[Ted Nasmith]]]]
[[Image:Ted Nasmith - The First Dawn of the Sun.jpg|thumb|[[Ted Nasmith]] - ''The First Dawn of the Sun'']]
The '''Sun''', the source of daylight, rose in the [[East]] of [[Middle-earth]] and sank in the [[West (disambiguation)|West]].<ref>{{FR|II3}}: "''...the Sun rode up from the East.''"</ref><ref>{{FR|II6}}: "''...the sun sank behind the westward heights''"</ref>
The '''Sun''', the source of daylight, rose in the [[East]] of [[Middle-earth]] and sank in the [[West (disambiguation)|West]].<ref>{{FR|II3}}: "''...the Sun rode up from the East.''"</ref><ref>{{FR|II6}}: "''...the sun sank behind the westward heights''"</ref>


==History==
==History==


During the [[Years of the Trees]], [[Valinor]] was lit for many thousands of years by the light of the [[Two Trees]], [[Telperion]] the Silver and [[Laurelin]] the Gold. When these were destroyed by [[Melkor]] and [[Ungoliant]], [[Arda]] was plunged into darkness. Through the power of [[Nienna]] and [[Yavanna]], though, [[Laurelin]] produced a single fiery fruit before it died. This golden fire was set in a vessel made by [[Aulë]] and his people, and steered into the sky by the [[Maiar|Maia]] [[Arien]].<ref name=OfSun>{{S|11}}</ref>
During the [[Years of the Trees]], [[Valinor]] was lit for many thousands of years by the light of the [[Two Trees]], [[Telperion]] the Silver and [[Laurelin]] the Gold. When these were destroyed by [[Morgoth|Melkor]] and [[Ungoliant]], [[Arda]] was plunged into darkness. Through the power of [[Nienna]] and [[Yavanna]], though, [[Laurelin]] produced a single fiery fruit before it died. This golden fire was set in a vessel made by [[Aulë]] and his people, and steered into the sky by the [[Maiar|Maia]] [[Arien]].<ref name=OfSun>{{S|11}}</ref>


[[Valinor]] was in the West of the World, and so the first sunrise was in the west, not the east. Originally, [[Arien]] was to have steered Anar ceaselessly from west to east and back again, always remaining in the sky, but the [[Valar]] changed this counsel, so that each evening Anar would descend into the distant western seas, and re-emerge each morning in the east.<ref name=OfSun/>
[[Valinor]] was in the West of the World, and so the first sunrise was in the west, not the east. Originally, [[Arien]] was to have steered Anar ceaselessly from west to east and back again, always remaining in the sky, but the [[Valar]] changed this counsel, so that each evening Anar would descend into the distant western seas, and re-emerge each morning in the east.<ref name=OfSun/>
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Names of the Sun amongst the [[Elves]] included  
Names of the Sun amongst the [[Elves]] included  
*'''''Anar''''' (derived from the [[Sundocarmë|root]] [[ANÁR]]<ref name=LR>{{LR|Etymologies}}, p. 348</ref>) or '''The Fire-golden'''<ref>{{S|Sun}}</ref>, a name given to it by the [[Vanyar]].
*'''''Anar''''' (derived from the [[Sundocarmë|root]] [[ANÁR]]<ref name=LR>{{LR|Etymologies}}, p. 348</ref>) or '''The Fire-golden'''<ref name=SSun>{{S|Sun}}</ref>, a name given to it by the [[Vanyar]].
*'''''Anor''''' (derived from the [[Sundocarmë|root]] [[ANÁR]]<ref name=LR/>), the common name for the Sun in [[Sindarin]], as seen in ''[[Minas Anor]]'', the [[Gondor|Gondorian]] province of [[Anórien]], and ''[[elanor]]'' ("Sun-star").
*'''''Anor''''' (derived from the [[Sundocarmë|root]] [[ANÁR]]<ref name=LR/>), the common name for the Sun in [[Sindarin]], as seen in ''[[Minas Anor]]'', the [[Gondor|Gondorian]] province of [[Anórien]], and ''[[elanor]]'' ("Sun-star").
*'''''Vása''''', or '''Heart of Fire''', a name given to the Sun by the [[Noldor]].<ref>{{S|Sun}}</ref>
*'''''Vása''''' ("the Consumer"<ref>{{S|Index}}</ref>), or '''Heart of Fire''', a name given to the Sun by the [[Noldor]] as it marked the waning of the Elves.<ref name=SSun/>


'''''Aþâraigas''''', meaning "appointed heat", was the name of the Sun in [[Valarin]].{{fact}}
'''''Aþâraigas''''', meaning "appointed heat", was the name of the Sun in [[Valarin]].{{fact}}
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==Other versions of the legendarium==
==Other versions of the legendarium==
[[Image:Ted_Nasmith_-_The_Gates_of_Morning.jpg|right|thumb|''The Gates of Morn'' by Ted Nasmith]]
[[Image:Ted_Nasmith_-_The_Gates_of_Morning.jpg|right|thumb|[[Ted Nasmith]] - ''The Gates of Morn'']]
In the early versions of ''[[The Silmarillion]]'' as described in [[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]], a part of [[the History of Middle-earth]] series, the Sun was described in great detail as an immense island of fire. It was also said there that the youth [[Tilion]], who guided the Moon, was said to secretly be in love with Arien, and that because he steered the Moon too close to the Sun the Moon was burned.
In the early versions of ''[[The Silmarillion]]'' as described in [[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]], a part of [[the History of Middle-earth]] series, the Sun was described in great detail as an immense island of fire. It was also said there that the youth [[Tilion]], who guided the Moon, was said to secretly be in love with Arien, and that because he steered the Moon too close to the Sun the Moon was burned.


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==Inspiration==
==Inspiration==
 
[[File:Mani and Sol.jpg|thumb|A depiction of the Norse god Máni and the goddess Sól (Lorenz Frølich, 1895)]]
[[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] stated that "''[[Elves]] (and [[Hobbits]]) always refer to the Sun as She''",<ref>{{FR|I9}}, footnote</ref><ref group=note>Also, [[Arien]] was a female [[Maiar|Maia]]. For an example of the feminine form of the Sun, cf. {{FR|II3}}: ''"'I have not brought the Sun. '''She''' is walking in the blue fields of the South...'"'' ([[Legolas]]).</ref> and Yvette L. Kisor has remarked that the reference to the Sun as a female entity in the [[legendarium]] is surprising. Kisor points out that the "''association of sun with male and moon with female is a strong one in the western tradition''", and gives the example of the association of [[Wikipedia:Apollo|Apollo]] with the sun in [[Wikipedia:Roman mythology|Roman mythology]] and of the male gods [[Wikipedia:Helios|Helios]] and [[Wikipedia:Sol (mythology)|Sol]] in [[Wikipedia:Greek mythology|Greek mythology]]. However, Kisor suggests that Tolkien, well aware of his reversion of the western tradition, instead derived the femininity of the sun from [[North Germanic languages|Old Norse]] mythology and language.<ref>Yvette L. Kisor, "'Elves (and Hobbits) always refer to the Sun as She': Some Notes on a Note in Tolkien's ''The Lord of the Rings''", in {{TS|4}}</ref>
[[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] stated that "''[[Elves]] (and [[Hobbits]]) always refer to the Sun as She''",<ref>{{FR|I9}}, footnote</ref><ref group=note>Also, [[Arien]] was a female [[Maiar|Maia]]. For an example of the feminine form of the Sun, cf. {{FR|II3}}: ''"'I have not brought the Sun. '''She''' is walking in the blue fields of the South...'"'' ([[Legolas]]).</ref> and Yvette L. Kisor has remarked that the reference to the Sun as a female entity in the [[legendarium]] derived from [[North Germanic languages|Old Norse]] mythology and language.<ref>Yvette L. Kisor, "'Elves (and Hobbits) always refer to the Sun as She': Some Notes on a Note in Tolkien's ''The Lord of the Rings''", in {{TS|4}}</ref>
*''See also [[Moon#Inspirations|Moon: Inspirations]]''
*''See also [[Moon#Inspirations|Moon: Inspirations]]''
==See also==
*[[Flame of Anor]]
*[[Moon]]
{{references|note}}
{{references|note}}
{{cosmology}}
{{cosmology}}

Revision as of 17:33, 2 June 2016

Ted Nasmith - The First Dawn of the Sun

The Sun, the source of daylight, rose in the East of Middle-earth and sank in the West.[1][2]

History

During the Years of the Trees, Valinor was lit for many thousands of years by the light of the Two Trees, Telperion the Silver and Laurelin the Gold. When these were destroyed by Melkor and Ungoliant, Arda was plunged into darkness. Through the power of Nienna and Yavanna, though, Laurelin produced a single fiery fruit before it died. This golden fire was set in a vessel made by Aulë and his people, and steered into the sky by the Maia Arien.[3]

Valinor was in the West of the World, and so the first sunrise was in the west, not the east. Originally, Arien was to have steered Anar ceaselessly from west to east and back again, always remaining in the sky, but the Valar changed this counsel, so that each evening Anar would descend into the distant western seas, and re-emerge each morning in the east.[3]

The Sun was seen by the Elves as a sign for the awakening of Men, and they valued the Moon higher.[3] Morgoth's creatures, the Orcs, feared the Sun, and with the exception of the Uruk-hai, they did not travel while it was in the sky.

The Trolls of Middle-earth feared the Sun even more, and with great reason: they turned to stone under its light. Only the later Olog-hai were able to move under the Sun.

Names of the Sun

This article is about the Sun. For the Dwarf, see Anar (dwarf).

Names of the Sun amongst the Elves included

Aþâraigas, meaning "appointed heat", was the name of the Sun in Valarin.[source?]

A poetic name for the Sun was The Daystar, and Gollum referred to it as The Yellow Face.

Other versions of the legendarium

Ted Nasmith - The Gates of Morn

In the early versions of The Silmarillion as described in The Book of Lost Tales Part One, a part of the History of Middle-earth series, the Sun was described in great detail as an immense island of fire. It was also said there that the youth Tilion, who guided the Moon, was said to secretly be in love with Arien, and that because he steered the Moon too close to the Sun the Moon was burned.

In writings not included in the Silmarillion tradition, Morgoth at one point was infatuated with Arien, and wanted to claim her as his wife: he is at one point even described as ravishing her, so she abandoned her body and 'died': the Sun after this for a while left its course, burning a large part of Arda the world (apparently creating the deserts of Far Harad). It is not clear if this would have been included in the Silmarillion had Tolkien lived to publish it himself.

In the Round World version of the legendarium, the Sun and the Moon were not the fruit of the Two Trees, but actually preceded the creation of the Trees. Instead, the Trees preserved the light of the Sun before it was tainted by Melkor when he ravished Arien.[7]

Inspiration

A depiction of the Norse god Máni and the goddess Sól (Lorenz Frølich, 1895)

Tolkien stated that "Elves (and Hobbits) always refer to the Sun as She",[8][note 1] and Yvette L. Kisor has remarked that the reference to the Sun as a female entity in the legendarium derived from Old Norse mythology and language.[9]

See also

Notes

  1. Also, Arien was a female Maia. For an example of the feminine form of the Sun, cf. J.R.R. Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings, The Fellowship of the Ring, "The Ring Goes South": "'I have not brought the Sun. She is walking in the blue fields of the South...'" (Legolas).

References

Middle-earth Cosmology
 Constellations  Anarríma · Durin's Crown · Menelmacar · Remmirath · Soronúmë · Telumendil · Valacirca · Wilwarin
Stars  Alcarinquë · Borgil · Carnil · Elemmírë · Helluin · Luinil · Lumbar · Morwinyon · Nénar · Star of Eärendil · Til 
The Airs  Aiwenórë · Fanyamar · Ilmen · Menel · Vaiya · Veil of Arda · Vista
Narsilion  Arien · Moon (Isil, Ithil, Rána) · Sun (Anar, Anor, Vása) · Tilion
See also  Abyss · Arda · Circles of the World · · Timeless Halls · Two Lamps · Two Trees · Void